Sacolas Plásticas: Destinações Sustentáveis e Alternativas de Substituição
Plastic Bags: Sustainable Disposal and Alternative Routes to Their Substitution
Santos, Amélia S. F.; Freire, Fernando H. de O.; Costa, Brenno L. N. da; Manrich, Sati
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14282012005000036
Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, vol.22, n3, p.228-237, 2012
Resumo
Independentemente do material adotado como melhor estratégia para uso em sacolas, cada um tem um destino final ideal que pode ser: compostagem, reciclagem mecânica, reciclagem energética, aterros sanitários, entre outros. Assim, a infra-estrutura de coleta, identificação e disposição do resíduo pós-consumo desse material deve estar associada à escolha feita para garantir sua sustentabilidade sócio-econômica. Além disso, soluções ainda controversas com relação ao real impacto no meio ambiente, não podem ser condenadas, nem incentivadas, mas devem sim ser avaliadas. Nesse sentido, cabe à comunidade científica fornecer bases sólidas e confiáveis, para que as avaliações sejam baseadas em uma visão global do problema. Foi com esse objetivo que elaboramos o presente trabalho, expondo questões críticas e relatando as diferentes soluções adotadas no mundo, inclusive sobre avaliações de impactos ambientais das diferentes alternativas para minimizar e/ou solucionar os problemas relacionados ao uso de sacolas plásticas.
Palavras-chave
Plástico, biopolímero, oxibiodegradável, papel, papel sintético, reciclagem
Abstract
Regardless of the material adopted as the best strategy for use in plastic bags, each material has an ideal final disposal, which may be composting, mechanical recycling, energy recycling, sanitary landfills, and others. Therefore, the infrastructure of collection, identification and disposal of post-consumer waste of this material should be tied to the choice made to ensure its socio-economic sustainability. Moreover, solutions that are still controversial in terms of their real environmental impact should be neither condemned nor encouraged – rather, they should be evaluated. In this context, it is up to the scientific community to provide solid and reliable foundations to ensure that such evaluations are based on a global vision of the problem. This was the objective that guided the present work, with an analysis of critical issues and description of the diverse solutions adopted around the world, including environmental impact assessments of the different alternatives to minimize and/or solve the problems pertaining to the use of plastic bags
Keywords
Plastic, biopolymer, oxibiodegradable, paper, composting, recycling
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