Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia
https://revistapolimeros.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/0104-1428.20220053
Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia
Original Article

Influence of carbon black trimodal mixture on LDPE films properties: Part2 – SME

Juliano Martins Barbosa; Cesar Augusto Gonçalves Beatrice; Luiz Antonio Pessan

Downloads: 0
Views: 678

Abstract

In this work, the influence of Specific Mechanical Energy (SME) to disperse a trimodal distribution of carbon black (CB) by extrusion was studied to evaluating the effect on LDPE films properties (colorimetric and rheological). Three types of CB were previously evaluated (PART1) and determined that the best formulation was the combination between small (S) and medium (M) particles (F18 and F13), obtaining greater tinting strength with lower viscosity. In this work (PART2), these formulations were processed with different SME levels by varying the extrusion parameters, like screw rotation speed (N) and feed rate (Q), modulate the SME. The result of each process was evaluated by Tinting Strength, MFI, Total Transmittance and it was determined that the process with 600 rpm and 10 kg/h feed rate, generating a SME of 0.29 kWh/kg for F18-P03, developed the best results, mainly in the Tinting Strength, from 126.7% to 133.2% related to F18 (PART1).

 

 

Keywords

carbon black, specific mechanical energy, tinting strength, trimodal particle size distribution, viscosity

References

1 Rabelo, M. S. (2000). Aditivação de polímeros. São Paulo: Artliber.

2 Callister, W. D., Jr. (2002). Ciência e engenharia dos materiais: uma introdução. Rio de Janeiro: LTC.

3 Donnet, J.-B. (Ed.). (1993). Carbon black: science and technology (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138763.

4 Penta Carbon. (2020, November 11). Retrieved in 2022, May 7, from https://pentacarbon.de/es/wiki/

5 Pfaff, G. (2021). Carbon black pigments. Journal Physical Sciences Reviews, 7(2), 109-125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/psr-2020-0152.

6 Carbon Black Association. (2016). Carbon black user’s guide. USA: Carbon Black Association. Retrieved in 2022, May 7, from http://www.cabotcorp.de/~/media/files/product-stewardship/industry-user-guides/international-carbon-black-association-icba-user-guide-portuguese.pdf

7 American Society for Testing and Materials – ASTM. (2014). ASTM D3849-14a: standard test method for carbon black: morphological characterization of carbon black using electron microscopy. West Conshohocken: ASTM. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/D3849-14A.

8 American Society for Testing and Materials – ASTM. (2021). ASTM D6556-21: standard test method for carbon black: total and external surface area by nitrogen adsorption. West Conshohocken: ASTM. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/D6556-21.

9 American Society for Testing and Materials – ASTM. (2018). ASTM D2414-18: standard test method for carbon black: oil absorption number (OAN). West Conshohocken: ASTM. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/D2414-18.

10 Spahr, M. E., & Rothon, R. (2015). Carbon black as a polymer filler. In S. Palsule (Ed.), Encyclopedia of polymers and composites (pp. 1-24). Berlin: Springer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37179-0_36-1.

11 Aghajan, M. H., Hosseini, S. M., & Razzaghi-Kashani, M. (2019). Particle packing in bimodal size carbon black mixtures and its effect on the properties of styrene-butadiene rubber compounds. Polymer Testing, 78, 106002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2019.106002.

12 Bretas, R. E. S., & D’Avila, M. A. (2000). Reologia de polímeros fundidos. São Carlos: EdUFSCar.

13 Aoki, Y., Hatano, A., & Watanabe, H. (2003). Rheology of carbon black suspensions. I.Three types of viscoelastic behavior. Rheologica Acta, 42(3), 209-216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00397-002-0278-3.

14 Zhang, J.-F., & Yi, X.-S. (2002). Dynamic rheological behavior of high-density polyethylene filled with carbon black. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 86(14), 3527-3531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.11101.

15 American Society for Testing and Materials – ASTM. (2021). ASTM D1765-21: standard classificationsystem for carbon blacks used in rubber products. West Conshohocken: ASTM. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/D1765-21.

16 Cabot Corporation. (2021, February 5). Retrieved in 2022, May 7, from https://www.cabotcorp.com/solutions/applications/plastics

17 Braskem. (2021, April 19). Retrieved in 2022, May 7, from https://www.braskem.com/busca-de-produtos?p=133

18 Domenech, T., Peuvrel-Disdier, E., & Vergnes, B. (2013). The importance of specific mechanical energy during twin screw extrusion of organoclay based polypropylene nanocomposites. Composites Science and Technology, 75, 7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.11.016.

19 Dreiblatt, A. (2018). Torque VS specific energy [Webinar]. Century Extrusion Group. Retrieved in 2022, May 7, from https://ekc.cpmextrusiongroup.com/project/torque-vs-specific-energy/

20 Manas, I., & Tadmor, Z. (Ed.). (1994). Mixing and compounding of polymers: theory and practice. USA: Hanser Publishers.

21 Lotti, C., Isaac, C. S., Branciforti, M. C., Alves, R. M. V., Liberman, S., & Bretas, R. E. S.. (2008). Rheological, mechanical and transport property of blow films of high density polyethylene nanocomposites. European Polymer Journal, 44(5), 1346-1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.02.014.

22 American Society for Testing and Materials – ASTM. (2020). ASTM D1603-20: standard test method for carbon black content in olefin plastics. West Conshohocken: ASTM. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/D1603-20.

23 American Society for Testing and Materials – ASTM. (2013). ASTM D1238-13: standard test method for melt flow rates of thermoplastics by extrusion plastometer. West Conshohocken: ASTM. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/D1238-13.

24 Datacolor Color Measurement Instruments & Software. (2021, April 4). Retrieved in 2022, May 7, from https://www.datacolor.com/business-solutions/product-overview

25 Sarantópoulos, C. I. G. L., Oliveira, L. M., Padula, M., Coltro, L., & Alves, R. M. V. (2002). Embalagens plásticas flexíveis: principais polímeros e avaliação das propriedades. Campinas: CETEA/ITAL.

26 Byk Instruments. (2021, May 14). Haze-gard transparency transmission haze meter. Retrieved in 2022, May 7, from https://www.byk-instruments.com/en/Appearance/haze-gard-Transparency-Transmission-Haze-Meter/c/2345

27 American Society for Testing and Materials – ASTM. (2013). ASTM D1003-13: standard test method for haze and luminous transmittance of transparent plastics. West Conshohocken: ASTM. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/D1003-13.

28 British Standards Institution – BSI. (2005). BS EN 13900-5:2005: pigments and extenders: methods of dispersion and assessment of dispersibility in plastics - part 5: determination by filter pressure value test. Belgium: BSI. http://dx.doi.org/10.3403/30105254U.
 

63a05bb6a95395691d1d4793 polimeros Articles
Links & Downloads

Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia

Share this page
Page Sections