Extraction of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) from Spirulina LEB 18 for developing nanofibers
Morais, Michele Greque de; Stillings, Christopher; Dersch, Roland; Rudisile, Markus; Pranke, Patricia; Costa, Jorge Alberto Vieira; Wendorff, Joachim
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.1686
Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, vol.25, n2, p.161-167, 2015
Abstract
The objective of this study was to extract poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) from the microalgal biomass of Spirulina LEB 18 for the development of nanofibers by electrospinning method. Different extraction methods were tested. The maximum yield obtained was 30.1 ± 2%. It was possible to produce nanofibers with diameters between 826 ± 188 nm and 1,675 ± 194 nm. An increase in the nanofiber diameter occurred when a flow rate of 4.8 μL min-1 and a capillary diameter of 0.90 mm were used. The nanofibers produced had up to 34.4% of biomass additives, i.e., non-PHB materials. This can be advantageous, because it enables the conservation of microalgal biomass compounds with bioactive functions.
Keywords
biomass, electrospinning, nanofibers, PHB, Spirulina.
References
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20. Suwantong, O., Waleetorncheepsawat, S., Sanchavanakit, N., Pavasant, P., Cheepsunthorn, P., Bunaprasert, T., & Supaphol, P. (2007). In vitro biocompatibility of electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3hydroxyvalerate) fiber mats. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 40(3), 217-223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2006.07.006. PMid:16949148
21. Choi, J. S., Lee, S. W., Jeong, L., Bae, S. H., Min, B. C., Youk, J. H., & Park, W. H. (2004). Effect of organosoluble salts on the nanofibrous structure of electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrateco-3-hydroxyvalerate). International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 34(4), 249-256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2004.06.001. PMid:15374681
22. Megelski, S., Stephens, J. S., Chase, D. B., & Rabolt, J. F. (2002). Micro- and nanostructured surface morphology on electrospun polymer fibers. Macromolecules, 35(22), 84568466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma020444a.
23. Son, W. K., Youk, J. H., Lee, T. S., & Park, W. P. (2004). The effects of solution properties and polyelectrolyte on electrospinning of ultrafine poly(ethylene oxide) fibers. Polymer, 45(9), 29592966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2004.03.006.
2. Casarin, S., Agnelli, J., Malmonge, S., & Rosário, F. (2013). Blendas PHB/copoliésteres biodegradáveis – biodegradação em solo. Polímeros. Ciência e Tecnologia, 23(1), 115-122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14282013005000003.
3. Choi, J., & Lee, S. (1999). Factors affecting the economics of polyhydroxyalkanoate production by bacterial fermentation. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 51(1), 13-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051357.
4. Hahn, S. K., Chang, Y. K., Kim, B. S., & Chang, H. N. (1994). Optimization of microbial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) recover using dispersions of sodium hypochlorite solution and chloroform. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 44(2), 256-261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260440215. PMid:18618692
5. Morais, M. G., Stillings, C., Dersch, R., Rudisile, M., Pranke, P., Costa, J. A., & Wendorff, J. (2010). Preparation of nanofibers containing the microalga Spirulina (Arthrospira). Bioresource Technology, 101(8), 2872-2876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.11.059. PMid:20056537
6. Santos, C., Bretas, R., Branciforte, M., & Canova, T. (2011). Preparação e caracterização de nanofibras de nanocompósitos de poliamida 6,6 e argila montmorilonita. Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, 21(5), 398-408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S010414282011005000068.
7. Greiner, A., & Wendorff, J. H. (2008). Functional self-assembled nanofibers by electrospinning. Advances in Polymer Science, 219, 107-171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2008_146.
8. Ramakrishna, S., Fujihara, K., Teo, W. E., Lim, T. C., & Ma, Z. (2005). An introduction to electrospinning and nanofibers. United States of America: World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. Danvers.
9. Morais, M. G., Reichert, C. C., Dalcanton, F., Durante, A. J., Marins, L. F., & Costa, J. A. (2008). Isolation and characterization of a new Arthrospira strain. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 63(1-2), 144-150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2008-1-226. PMid:18386504
10. Costa, J. A., Colla, L. M., & Duarte Filho, P. F. (2004). Improving Spirulina platensis biomass yield using a fed-batch process. Bioresource Technology, 92(3), 237-241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2003.09.013. PMid:14766156
11. Morais, M. G., Radmann, E. M., Andrade, M. R., Teixeira, G. G., Brusch, L. R. F., & Costa, J. A. V. (2009). Pilot scale semicontinuous production of Spirulina biomass in southern Brazil. Aquaculture, 294(1–2), 60-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.05.009.
12. Tsuji, H., & Ikada, Y. (1996). Blends of aliphatic polyesters. I. Physical properties and morphologies of solution-cast blends from poly(DL-lactide) and poly(ε-caprolactone). Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 60(13), 2367-2375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19960627)60:13<2367::AIDAPP8>3.0.CO;2-C.
13. Panda, B., Jain, P., Sharma, L., & Mallick, N. (2006). Optimization of cultural and nutritional conditions for accumulation of polyβ-hydroxybutyrate in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Bioresource Technology, 97(11), 1296-1301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.05.013. PMid:16046119
14. Nishioka, N., Nakai, K., Miyake, M., Asada, Y., & Taya, M. (2001). Production of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate by thermophilic cyanobacterium, Synechococcus sp. MA19, under phosphatelimited conditions. Biotechnology Letters, 23(14), 1095-1099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010551614648.
15. Sombatmankhong, K., Suwantong, O., Waleetorncheepsawat, S., & Supaphol, P. (2006). Electrospun fiber mats of poly(3hydroxybutyrate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), and their blends. Journal of Polymer Science. Part B, Polymer Physics, 44(19), 2923-2933. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.20915.
16. Kim, G. M., Michler, G. H., Henning, S., Radusch, H. J., & Wutzler, A. (2007). Thermal and spectroscopic characterization of microbial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) submicrometer fibers prepared by electrospinning. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 103(3), 1860-1867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.25348.
17. Matsui, M. S., Muizzuddin, N., Arad, S., & Marenus, K. (2003). Sulfated polysaccharides from red microalgae have antiinflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 104(1), 13-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:104:1:13. PMid:12495202
18. Borowitzka, M. A. (1995). Microalgae as sources of pharmaceuticals and other biologically active compounds. Journal of Applied Phycology, 7(1), 3-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00003544.
19. Mishima, T., Murata, J., Toyoshima, M., Fujii, H., Nakajima, M., Hayashi, T., Kato, T., & Saiki, I. (1998). Inhibition of tumor invasion and metastasis by calcium spirulan (Ca-SP), a novel sulfated polysaccharide derived from a blue-green alga, Spirulina platensis. Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 16(6), 541-550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006594318633. PMid:9872601
20. Suwantong, O., Waleetorncheepsawat, S., Sanchavanakit, N., Pavasant, P., Cheepsunthorn, P., Bunaprasert, T., & Supaphol, P. (2007). In vitro biocompatibility of electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3hydroxyvalerate) fiber mats. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 40(3), 217-223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2006.07.006. PMid:16949148
21. Choi, J. S., Lee, S. W., Jeong, L., Bae, S. H., Min, B. C., Youk, J. H., & Park, W. H. (2004). Effect of organosoluble salts on the nanofibrous structure of electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrateco-3-hydroxyvalerate). International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 34(4), 249-256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2004.06.001. PMid:15374681
22. Megelski, S., Stephens, J. S., Chase, D. B., & Rabolt, J. F. (2002). Micro- and nanostructured surface morphology on electrospun polymer fibers. Macromolecules, 35(22), 84568466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma020444a.
23. Son, W. K., Youk, J. H., Lee, T. S., & Park, W. P. (2004). The effects of solution properties and polyelectrolyte on electrospinning of ultrafine poly(ethylene oxide) fibers. Polymer, 45(9), 29592966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2004.03.006.
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